In The Name of Therapy
Having spent ten months in a wilderness therapeutic boarding school when he was 17, Daniel Poyerd is in a unique position to speak on the abusive tactics and deceptive business practices that plague the Troubled Teen Industry. In this full length examination, he explores the history of the industry and its current practices, reveals his own experience, analyzes internal documents from the Discovery School of Virginia, looks at the potential psychological and social impact of the industry, and presents a compelling case for federal oversight and reform. At the core of his case, which he describes as one of the “most consequential human rights issues in the United States”, is the protection of the 100,000+ kids currently in the industry and the future millions that will be sent against their will to suffer In The Name Of Therapy.
Table of Contents
Prologue
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Introduction
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A Brief History of the Industry
2.1. New York House of Refuge & The Dozier School for Boys
2.2. Devereux
2.3. Bruno Bettelheim
2.4. Synanon
2.5. Modernization
2.5.1. Testimonies
2.6. Closing Thoughts
III. The Controversial Practices of the TTI
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Experimental Treatment
3.3. Attack Therapy
3.4. Solitary Confinement
3.5. Corporal Punishment
3.6. Food Deprivation
3.7. Forced Labor
3.8. Restraint
3.9. Closing Thoughts
IV. My Story
4.1. Background
4.2. Intake
4.3. Structure
4.4. Forced Labor
4.5. Group Therapy
4.6. Depersonalization
4.7. Psychological Abuse
4.8. Off-Campus Labor
4.9. Censorship
4.10. Running Away
4.11. Closing Thoughts
4.12. Photos
V. An Analysis of The Discovery School of Virginia
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Student Services
5.3. Residential Structure
5.4. Academics & Extracurricular Activities
5.5. Education
5.6. Rates
5.7. Group Meetings
5.8. Restrictions
5.8.1. Removal from Group
5.8.2. Campus Restriction
5.8.3. Board Campus Restriction
5.8.4. Physical Restraint
5.8.5. Wilderness Campsite
5.9. Program Structure
5.9.1. Dress Code
5.9.2. Schedule
5.9.3. Cookout
5.10. Parental Involvement
5.10.1. Family Worker
5.10.2. Family Conferences
5.11. The Crest
5.11.1. Family Visits
5.12. Program Completion
5.12.1. Length of Stay
5.12.2. Readiness for Discharge
5.12.3. Emergency Discharge
5.13. Closing Thoughts
VI. The Potential Psychological & Social Repercussions of the Industry
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Involuntary Codependence Syndrome & Stockholm Syndrome
6.3. Religious Trauma
6.4. The Prison Camp Effect
6.4.1. Conditions
6.4.1.1 Conditions in Labor Camps
6.4.1.2 Conditions in the TTI
6.4.1.3 Summary of Conditions
6.4.2. Stages of Adaption
6.4.2.1. Shock
6.4.2.2. Initiation
6.4.2.3. Adaption
6.4.2.4. Personality & Value Changes
6.4.2.5. Reintegration
6.5. Social Mobility
6.6. The Stanford Prison Experiment
6.7. The Therapeutic Environment
6.7.1. Theory of Therapeutic Alliance
6.7.2. Code of Ethics
6.7.3. Stages of Change
6.8. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
6.9. Closing Thoughts
VII. A Brief Examination of Deceptive Business Practices
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Business Model Insights
7.3. Intervention Due to Deceptive Business Practices
7.3.1. Sarbanes-Oxley
7.3.2. The Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act
7.3.3. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
7.4. The Battlefield
VIII. A Brief Examination of Case Law
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Case Law
8.2.1. Forced Labor
8.2.2. Censorship of Communication
8.2.3. Solitary Confinement
8.2.4. Third Party Evaluation
IX. Summaries of Findings
X. Closing Statement
References
Appendices
Appendix I - Bill of Rights for Children in Residential Treatment Facilities
Appendix II - Introduction Of The Bill
Appendix III - Discovery School of Virginia for Boys Program Information & Parent’s Manual
Appendix IV - My Individual Service Plan (DSV)
Appendix V - Synanon & the TTI Chart
Appendix VI - Testimonies
Appendix VII - Discovery School of Virginia Testimonies
Appendix VIII - A Letter to Parents and Survivors
Appendix IX - A Possible Alternative
Appendix X - Dedication